Elevated levels of homocysteine, an amino acid in the blood, have been associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Folic acid, a B vitamin, plays a crucial role in reducing these levels, thereby potentially improving cardiovascular health. This article explores the relationship between folic acid supplementation, homocysteine levels, and cardiovascular health based on recent scientific studies.
Folic acid has been recognized as an essential factor in the metabolic regulation of homocysteine levels. Supplementation with folic acid has been shown to lower homocysteine levels, which is critical since elevated homocysteine is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular conditions (Meyers & Roelofs, 2020); (Salamone, 2022).
Studies have demonstrated the benefits of folic acid in reducing the risk of stroke, particularly in patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions. This effect is attributed to folic acid’s capacity to reduce homocysteine levels, thereby mitigating a key risk factor for stroke and other cardiovascular diseases (Gofir et al., 2021); (Shalim & Reynaldo, 2023).
While the benefits of folic acid are evident, recent research suggests the need for a balanced approach to supplementation. Excessive intake of folic acid, especially in certain populations, may not always yield additional health benefits and, in some cases, could pose risks. Therefore, individualized approaches to folic acid supplementation, considering factors like genetic polymorphisms and existing health conditions, are recommended (Kaye et al., 2020); (Orabona et al., 2020).
Folic acid supplementation presents a promising approach to reducing homocysteine levels and improving cardiovascular health. While its efficacy in lowering the risk of certain cardiovascular diseases is clear, the approach to supplementation should be tailored to individual needs. Ongoing research continues to unravel the complex relationship between folic acid, homocysteine levels, and cardiovascular health, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine in this area.
References
Meyers, G., & Roelofs, M. (2020). Is folate supplementation indicated for patients with coronary artery disease? Evidence-Based Practice.
https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000000488
Salamone, J. (2022). Folate Supplementation in Fertility and Pregnancy: The Advantages of (6S)5-Methyltetrahydrofolate. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 28(4), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.5555/1078-6791.28.4.12
Gofir, A., Wibowo, S., Hakimi, M., Putera, D. D., Satriotomo, I., & Mustofa, M. (2021). Folic Acid Treatment for Patients With Vascular Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 25, 136-143.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyab076
Shalim, C. P., & Reynaldo, G. (2023). The role of folic acid supplementation on lowering homocysteine level in chronic kidney disease. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.2.0245
Kaye, A., Jeha, G., Pham, A. D., Fuller, M. C., Lerner, Z. I., Sibley, G. T., Cornett, E., Urits, I., Viswanath, O., & Kevil, C. (2020). Folic Acid Supplementation in Patients with Elevated Homocysteine Levels. Advances in Therapy, 37, 4149-4164.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-020-01474-z
Orabona, R., Zanardini, C., Zatti, S., Sartori, E., & Prefumo, F. (2020). Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy: A Matter of Doses? Hypertension.
https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15009
